Linguistic Analysis of Spelling Errors*

Adapted from Brimo (2013).

Target word	Child's spelling of target word	Linguistic awareness component
bucket CVCVC	bockt CVCC	/ᴧ/ unacceptable letter pattern (OPA) /ᴧ/ omission (PA)
touch CVC	toch CVC	/ᴧ/ unacceptable letter pattern (OPA)
traffic CCVCVC	trafit CCVCVC	within word doubling (OPA) /k/ unacceptable letter pattern (OPA)
scrabble CCCVCC	scable CCVCC	/r/ omission (PA) within word doubling (OPA)
white CVC	with CVC	/w/ acceptable but not correct for word (MGR) /ai/ unacceptable letter pattern (OPA) /t/ unacceptable letter pattern (OPA) silent “e” omission (MGR)
dream CCVC	dreem CCVC	/i/ acceptable but not correct for word (MGR)
bruise CCVC	brues CCVC	/u/ acceptable but not correct for word (MGR) silent ‘e' omission; acceptable but not correct for word (MGR)
fruit CCVC	frute CCVC	/u/ acceptable but not correct for word (MGR)
Multimorphemic Words
joked	joket	past tense –ed (MA)
wheels	wheelz	plural –s (MA)
magician	magition	derived word (MA)
Key OPA – orthographic pattern awareness PA – phonemic awareness MGR – mental graphemic representation MA – morphological awareness